![]() ![]() Wen - goldfish with dorsal fin and a fancy tail.lionhead (note that a bubble eye without a dorsal fin belongs to this group) Black Moor, Bubble Eye, and telescope eye Dragon eye - Goldfish with extended eyes, e.g.In Chinese goldfish keeping, goldfish are classified into 4 main types, which are not commonly used in the west. Here is an incomplete list of goldfish varieties. However, some variations are hardier, such as the Shubunkin. Some extreme versions of the goldfish do need to be kept in an aquarium - they are much less hardy than varieties closer to the "wild" original. There are also different body shapes, fin and eye configurations. Selective breeding over centuries has produced several colour variations, some of them far removed from the " golden" colour of the originally domesticated fish. ![]() Goldfish were first introduced to North America in 1874 and quickly became popular in the United States. In 1611, goldfish were introduced to Portugal and from there to other parts of Europe. In 1502, goldfish were introduced to Japan, where the Ryukin and Tosakin varieties were developed. The first occurrence of fancy tailed goldfish was recorded in the Ming dynasty. The occurrence of other colors was first recorded in 1276. This probably is the reason why there are more orange goldfish than yellow goldfish, even though the latter are genetically easier to breed.Īs time passed, more mutations occurred, producing new colour variations, and fancier varieties of goldfish were developed. By this time, people outside the royal family were forbidden to keep goldfish of the gold (yellow) variety, yellow being the royal colour. In 1162, the empress of the Song Dynasty ordered the building of a pond to collect the red and gold variety of those carp. Some of the first goldfish may have looked like this. The fish were not kept in the containers permanently, but would be kept in a larger body of water, such as a pond, and only for special occasions at which guests were expected would they be moved to the smaller container.Ī crucian carp carrying a mutation for yellow pigment. People began to breed the gold variety instead of the silver variety, and began to display them in small containers. As the result of a dominant genetic mutation, one of these carp displayed "gold" (actually yellowish orange) rather than silver coloration. In optimal conditions, goldfish may live more than 20 years (the world record is 49 years) however, most household goldfish generally only live six to eight years due to them often being kept in bowls.ĭuring the Tang Dynasty, it was popular to raise carp in ponds. Goldfish may grow to a maximum length of 23 inches (59 cm) and a maximum weight of 9.9 pounds (4.5 kg), although this is rare most individual goldfish grow to under half this size. The mutation that gave rise to the goldfish is also known from other cyprinid species, such as common carp and tench. A relatively small member of the carp family (which also includes the koi carp and the crucian carp), the goldfish is a domesticated version of a dark-gray/olive/brown carp native to east Asia (first domesticated in China) that was introduced to Europe in the late 17th century. The goldfish, Carassius auratus, was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly kept aquarium fish. ![]()
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